Introduction

             The whole object of Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 is to assure peace and harmony in the Functioning of the Industry with a view to achieve maximum industrial Productivity. It has provided the following authorities for the prevention and settlement of Industrial Disputes are as follows - 


            Section 3 of the Industrial Dispute Act,1947 provides for the constitution of Works Committees.    The expression 'Works Committee' denotes "A committee comprising of representatives from both the parties (for example employer and their employees) to the Dispute. The appropriate government is empowered to prescribe that works committee should be constituted in every industrial establishment employing 100 or more workers.

Read this chapter in detail >>>>   Works Committee: Constitution, Functions and Dissolution of Works Committee 



            Conciliation is a process by which discussion between the employers and the employees is kept going through the participation of a conciliator.  Conciliator plays a pivotal role in bringing round the parties involved in the disputes and held in resolving difference by making the parties understand and appreciate the difficulties of each party involved in the dispute in the Industrial field.  As a mediator, his tactful handling of the situation sometimes saves the situation from taking a serious turn.     


Read this chapter in detail  >>>> Conciliation: Conciliation Officer, Powers and Duties of Conciliation Officer



3. Board of Conciliation 

               According to Section 5 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 the appropriate Government may as occasion arises by notification in the Official Gazette constitute a Board of Conciliation for promoting the settlement of an industrial dispute.

         According to Section 6(1) of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947,  the appropriate Government may as occasion arises by notification in the Official Gazette constitute a Court of Inquiry for inquiring into any matter appearing to be connected with or relevant to an industrial dispute.


Read this chapter in detail  >>>> Court of Inquiry: Function, Duties of Court of Inquiry and Effect of Proceedings Before Court of Inquiry




        According to Section 7 of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 The appropriate Government has been empowered to constitute Labour Court. The appropriate government, by notification, in the official gazette, may constitute one or more labor Courts for adjudication of industrial dispute specified in the second schedule.It consisted of one person, appointed by the government. He is called the presiding officer.


6. Industrial Tribunal


      According to Section 7(A) of the Act, by 1956 Amendment Act, the appropriate Government by notification in the Official Gazette may constitute one or more Industrial Tribunals for the adjudication of industrial disputes relating to any matter specified in the Second Schedule or the Third Schedule and for performing such other functions as assigned. A Tribunal once appointed cannot be abolished by an executive act.


Read this chapter in detail  >>>> Industrial Tribunals: Constitution, Jurisdiction and Powers of the Industrial Tribunals


7. National Tribunal

           According to Section 7B of the said Act, the Central Government may by notification in the Official Gazette constitute one or more National Industrial Tribunals for the adjudication of industrial disputes which in the opinion of the Central Government involve questions of national importance or are of such a nature that industrial establishments situated in more than one State are likely to be interested in or affected by such disputes.

Read this chapter in detail  >>>> National Tribunal: Constitution, Qualification of Presiding Officer, Duties of National Tribunals 

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